9 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Andrew S. Parsons, Matthew Kelleher, James Bowen, Karen M. Warburton + 3 more
Purpose: Clinical reasoning struggles are a leading cause of remediation referrals in postgraduate medical education. Most remediation efforts, like much of the clinical reasoning literature, focus on diagnostic reasoning. Errors in management reasoning can have serious consequences for patients, yet no framework…
Dianzhuo Wang, Qian Xu, Arjun Banerjee, Rishi Jain + 7 more
Inferring biological function from experimental data is central to understanding emerging pathogens and developing effective countermeasures, yet interpreting these data remains slow and expert-intensive. AI agents could help accelerate this process by reasoning across sequence, structural, and biophysical evidence. We…
Francesco Carli, Polina Rusina, Lun Ai, Leonie Küchenhoff + 7 more
Language models and agents are increasingly used in biomedicine, but current benchmarks reward correct answers even when the underlying reasoning is flawed. Here we introduce Karenina, an open-source framework that turns expert knowledge into multi-dimensional evaluations of questions, conversations and autonomous…
Brendon Anderson, Heidi Shen, Juanna Xie, David Cabeceiras + 2 more
Management of multiple impacted teeth in nonsyndromic adolescents can be challenging, particularly when impactions involve several quadrants. This case report describes two adolescent patients with extensive impactions affecting both permanent and supernumerary teeth, with an emphasis on the clinical reasoning that…
Himanshu Goel, Miklos Sahin -Toth
Accurate interpretation of genomic variation is central to rare disease diagnosis. Since publication of the ACMG/AMP variant classification framework in 2015, clinical laboratories have adopted increasingly standardised approaches for assessing pathogenicity, improving consistency across institutions and enabling more…
Jaehyun Lee, Lauren N. Ross
While projects in philosophy of science often focus on similar sorts of topics, there are often massive differences in how philosophers approach them. One approach that has enjoyed significant success-and that is modeled in the work of Wimsatt and others-involves taking a conceptual engineering perspective in analyzing…
Peter Gill, Helen Johannessen, Christine Børsum, Ane Elida Fonneløp + 1 more
DNA findings on clothing are often evaluated at sub-source level to address whether a person contributed DNA to a sample. In many cases, however, the disputed issue is not whose DNA is present, but how the DNA was transferred. This paper applies the HaloGen framework to evaluate DNA findings on stockings under…
Eliezer Masliah
How transient neural representations become integrated and stable enough to function as internal neural models remains incompletely understood. Grounded in efficient coding, Bayesian and predictive frameworks, recurrent and attractor dynamics, neural state-space models, and systems neuroscience, the Principle of…
Hayato Idei, Keisuke Suzuki, Yuichi Yamashita
Mindfulness has established psychological benefits, such as stress reduction and emotional regulation; however, the underlying computational mechanisms, particularly in relation to mind-wandering, remain unclear. This study aimed to present a hierarchical recurrent neural network-based agent model grounded in the free…