25 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Granville J. Matheson, Andrew Gray
Neuroimaging, in addition to many other fields of clinical research, is both time-consuming and expensive, and recruitable patients can be scarce. These constraints limit the possibility of large-sample experimental designs, and often lead to statistically underpowered studies. This problem is exacerbated by the use of…
Granville J. Matheson
Positron emission tomography (PET), along with many other fields of clinical research, is both timeconsuming and expensive, and recruitable patients can be scarce. These constraints limit the possibility of large-sample experimental designs, and often lead to statistically underpowered studies. This problem is…
Xiaoyang Li, Shi-Shun Chen, Waichon Lio, Rui Kang
Reliability has long been treated as an engineering practice supported by testing, statistics and standards, yet its status as a scientific discipline remains unsettled. From a philosophical perspective, scientific truth is characterized by a dual-structure that links empirical truth and mathematical truth, which…
Attila Krajcsi
In the behavioral sciences, robust phenomena having large effect sizes and related statistical power may be unreliable. This relation is in contrast to the view that both statistical power and reliability depend similarly on measurement error. In this view, robust but unreliable phenomena can be considered as a…
Jacob Peter Hartmann, Markus Harboe Olsen, George Rose, Damian M. Bailey + 1 more
'Damian M. Bailey' 'Ronan M. G. Berg'] ‘It is of the highest importance in the art of detection to be able to recognize, out of a number of facts, which are incidental and which vital!’ These words, spoken by Sherlock Holmes in The Adventure of the Reigate Squire (later also known as The Adventure of the Reigate…
Authors not listed
a WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom b Center for Frontier AI Research, A\*STAR, Singapore, Singapore c School of Computing, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore d Center for Software Reliability, City St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom e Department of…
Jari Metsämuuronen, Timi Niemensivu
Communicating the factual meaning of a particular reliability estimate is sometimes difficult. What does a specific reliability estimate of 0.80 or 0.95 mean in common language? Deflation-corrected estimates of reliability (DCER) using Somers’ D or Goodman-Kruskal G as the item-score correlations are transformed into…
Yili Hong, Jiayi Lian, Li Xu, Jie Min + 3 more
'Xinwei Deng'] Artificial intelligence (AI) systems have become increasingly popular in many areas. Nevertheless, AI technologies are still in their developing stages, and many issues need to be addressed. Among those, the reliability of AI systems needs to be demonstrated so that the AI systems can be used with…
Antônio Dâmaso, Nelson Rosa, Paulo Maciel
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of hundreds or thousands of sensor nodes with limited processing, storage, and battery capabilities. There are several strategies to reduce the power consumption of WSN nodes (by increasing the network lifetime) and increase the reliability of the network (by improving the WSN…
Gang Chen, Daniel S. Pine, Melissa A. Brotman, Ashley R. Smith + 2 more
The concept of test-retest reliability indexes the consistency of a measurement across time. High reliability is critical for any scientific study, but specifically for the study of individual differences. Evidence of poor reliability of commonly used behavioral and functional neuroimaging tasks is mounting. Reports on…
Veronica Dudarev, Oswald Barral, Chuxuan Zhang, Guy Davis + 1 more
Wearable sensors are quickly making their way into psychophysiological research, as they allow collecting longitudinal and ecologically valid data. The present tutorial considers fidelity of physiological measurement with wearable sensors, focusing on reliability. We elaborate why ensuring reliability for wearables is…
Waqar Ahmed, Osman Hasan, Sofiène Tahar
Dependability is an umbrella concept that subsumes many key properties about a system, including reliability, maintainability, safety, availability, confidentiality, and integrity. Various dependability modeling techniques have been developed to effectively capture the failure characteristics of systems over time.…
John Downer
Publics and policymakers increasingly have to contend with the risks of complex, safety-critical technologies, such as airframes and reactors. As such, ‘technological risk’ has become an important object of modern governance, with state regulators as core agents, and ‘reliability assessment’ as the most essential…
Keiji Ota, Anthony Ciston, Patrick Haggard, Thibault Gajdos Preuss + 1 more
A key challenge in today’s fast-paced digital world is to integrate information from various sources, which differ in their reliability. Yet, little is known about how explicit probabilistic information on the likelihood of a source to provide correct information is used in decision-making. Here, we investigated how…
Keiji Ota, Anthony Ciston, Patrick Haggard, Thibault Gajdos Preuss + 1 more
A key challenge in today’s fast-paced digital world is to integrate information from various sources, which differ in their reliability. Yet, little is known about how explicit probabilistic information about the likelihood that a source provides correct information is used in decision-making. Here, we investigated how…
Kayla Schroeder, Zach Wood-Doughty
Topic models allow researchers to extract latent factors from text data and use those variables in downstream statistical analyses. However, these methodologies can vary significantly due to initialization differences, randomness in sampling procedures, or noisy data. Reliability of these methods is of particular…
Branislav Boričić, Mirjana Ilić, Jelena Stanojević
In this paper we consider systems which consist of binary components with known reliabilities. We discuss their algebraic properties and define the corresponding algebraic structure, which we call the reliability algebra. We prove that the reliability algebra is a Boolean algebra. The reliability algebra seems an…
Yasamin Khorramzadeh, Moustafa Youssef, Stephen Eubank, Shahir Mowlaei
'Shahir Mowlaei'] This paper uses the reliability polynomial, introduced by Moore and Shannon in 1956, to analyze the effect of network structure on diffusive dynamics such as the spread of infectious disease. We exhibit a representation for the reliability polynomial in terms of what we call structural motifs that is…
Tatsuya Yoshizawa, Shoichi Ishida, Tomohiro Sato, Masateru Ohta + 2 more
Molecular design using data-driven generative models has emerged as a promising technology, impacting various fields such as drug discovery and the development of functional materials. However, this approach is often susceptible to optimization failure due to reward hacking, where prediction models fail to accurately…
Authors not listed
Computational explorations of reaction mechanism which support and guide experimental efforts has become a key tool in the organic and inorganic chemistry community. This Perspective addresses key challenges and best practices for generating reliable, reproducible, and reusable data for quantum chemical calculations of…
Fuzhan Rahmanian, Robert M. Lee, Dominik Linzner, Kathrin Michel + 4 more
Predicting and monitoring battery life early and across chemistries is a significant challenge due to the plethora of degradation paths, form factors, and electrochemical testing protocols. Existing models typically translate poorly across different electrode, electrolyte, and additive materials, mostly require a fixed…
Authors not listed
Machine learning (ML) models are increasingly used in quantum chemistry, but their reliability hinges on uncertainty quantification (UQ). In this study, we compare two prominent UQ paradigms—Deep Evidential Regression (DER) and Deep Ensembles—on the QM9 and WS22 datasets, with a specific emphasis on the role of post…
Esther Heid, Charles J. McGill, Florence H. Vermeire, William H. Green
Characterizing uncertainty in machine learning models has recently gained interest in the context of machine learning reliability, robustness, safety, and active learning. Here, we separate the total uncertainty into contributions from noise in the data (aleatoric) and shortcomings of the model (epistemic), further…
Authors not listed
Background: Pharmaceutical batch production faces significant scheduling challenges due to operational uncertainties including equipment failures, yield variability, and demand fluctuations. While scheduling heuristics are widely used in practice, their comparative performance under varying uncertainty conditions…
Fuzhan Rahmanian, Stefan Fuchs, Maximilian Fichtner, Helge Sören Stein
Discoveries of novel electrolyte-electrode combinations require comprehensive structure-propertyinterface correlations. Herein, we present an autonomous millimeter scale high-throughput battery research system (MISCHBARES) operated by hierarchical autonomous laboratory automation and orchestration (HELAO) which…