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18 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Stela Pudar Hozo, Benjamin Djulbegovic, Iztok Hozo
Background Usually the researchers performing meta-analysis of continuous outcomes from clinical trials need their mean value and the variance (or standard deviation) in order to pool data. However, sometimes the published reports of clinical trials only report the median, range and the size of the trial. Methods In…
Xiang Wan, Wenqian Wang, Jiming Liu, Tiejun Tong
Background In systematic reviews and meta-analysis, researchers often pool the results of the sample mean and standard deviation from a set of similar clinical trials. A number of the trials, however, reported the study using the median, the minimum and maximum values, and/or the first and third quartiles. Hence, in…
Ashish Cherukuri
This paper focuses on a class of variational inequalities (VIs), where the map defining the VI is given by the component-wise conditional value-atrisk (CVaR) of a random function. We focus on solving the VI using sample average approximation, where solutions of the VI are estimated with solutions of a sample average VI…
Ansgar Steland
Vertically weighted averages perform a bilateral filtering of data, in order to preserve fine details of the underlying signal, especially discontinuities such as jumps (in dimension one) or edges (in dimension two). In homogeneous regions of the domain the procedure smoothes the data by averaging nearby data points to…
Jobst Heitzig
We develop a theory of estimation when in addition to a sample of n observed outcomes the underlying probabilities of the observed outcomes are known, as is typically the case in the context of numerical simulation modeling, e.g. in epidemiology. For this enriched information framework, we design unbiased and…
Anastasiia Enne, Vishnu Venugopal, Peter Nabutanyi, Meike J. Wittmann
Intraspecific trait variation (ITV) can be important for population performance in a variable and changing environment because individuals with different traits have different fitness responses. Furthermore, there are three mechanisms via which individuals can interact with their environment to potentially improve…
Guillaume A. Rousselet, Rand R. Wilcox
To summarise skewed (asymmetric) distributions, such as reaction times, typically the mean or the median are used as measures of central tendency. Using the mean might seem surprising, given that it provides a poor measure of central tendency for skewed distributions, whereas the median provides a better indication of…
Dai Akita
Standard practice obtains an unbiased variance estimator by dividing by N − 1 rather than N. Yet if only half the data are used to compute the mean, dividing by N can still yield an unbiased estimator. We show that an alternative mean estimator Xˆ = PcnXn can produce such an unbiased variance estimator with denominator…
Tiffany N. Kolba, Alexander Bruno, Eugene Demidenko
We examine the accuracy and precision of parameter estimates for both the exponential and normal distributions when using only a collection of sample extremes. That is, we consider a collection of random variables, where each of the random variables is either the minimum or maximum of a sample of n*j independent…
Authors not listed
Quantities calculated from molecular simulations are often subject to an initial bias due to unrepresentative starting configurations. Initial data are usually discarded to reduce bias. Chodera's method for automated truncation point selection [J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2016, 12, 4, 1799–1805] is popular but has not been…
Ansgar Steland, Yuan-Tsung Chang
We study the jackknife variance estimator for a general class of two-sample statistics. As a concrete application we consider samples with a common mean but possibly different, ordered variances as arising in various fields such as interlaboratory experiments, field studies or the analysis of sensor data. Estimators…
Junya Watanabe
Theory predicts that the additive genetic covariance (G) matrix determines a population’s short-term (in)ability to respond to directional selection—evolvability in the Hansen–Houle sense—which is typically quantified and compared via certain scalar indices called evolvability measures. Often, interest is in obtaining…
S. Arati, P. Devaraj, Ankush Kumar Garg
In this paper, the problem of reconstruction of signals in mixed Lebesgue spaces from their random average samples has been studied. Probabilistic sampling inequalities for certain subsets of shiftinvariant spaces have been derived. It is shown that the probabilities increase to one when the sample size increases.…
Ben O’Neill, Zhongxue Chen
We analyse standard confidence intervals for the mean of a finite population, with a view to sample size determination. We first consider a standard method for sample size determination based on the assumption of knowledge of the population variance parameter. We then consider the more realistic case where the…
Hideyasu Shimadzu, Ross Darnell
Quantifying biodiversity aspects such as species presence/ absence, richness and abundance is an important challenge to answer scientific and resource management questions. In practice, biodiversity can only be assessed from biological material taken by surveys, a difficult task given limited time and resources. A type…
Ji-Young An
If the rounding errors are assumed to be distributed independently from the intrinsic distribution of the random variable, the sample variance s 2 of the rounded variable is given by the sum of the true variance σ 2 and the variance of the rounding errors (which is equal to w 2/12 where w is the size of the rounding…
Authors not listed
Accurate and efficient calculation of alchemical free energies is a critical challenge in computational chemistry, frequently hindered by the inherent limitations of conventional Thermodynamic Integration (TI) methods. These limitations include poor phasespace overlap between discrete alchemical states, inefficient…
Dipro Mondal, Math J J M Candel, Alberto Cassese, Sophie Vanbelle
The reliability of measurement instruments is vital in fields like medicine and psychology, where these tools are often used for diagnostic purposes. In reliability studies where participants are assessed by the same set of raters, the data can be modeled using a two-way ANOVA, with the intraclass correlation…