24 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Authors not listed
Accurate and efficient calculation of alchemical free energies is a critical challenge in computational chemistry, frequently hindered by the inherent limitations of conventional Thermodynamic Integration (TI) methods. These limitations include poor phasespace overlap between discrete alchemical states, inefficient…
Florian Meier, Raphaël Dang-Nhu, Angelika Steger
Natural brains perform miraculously well in learning new tasks from a small number of samples, whereas sample efficient learning is still a major open problem in the field of machine learning. Here, we raise the question, how the neural coding scheme affects sample efficiency, and make first progress on this question…
Jianshu Guo, Xinying Zheng, Tongtong Qin, Meng Lv + 8 more
'Xiaolin Song' 'Hongying Qiu' 'Lingfei Hu' 'Lili Zhang' 'Dongsheng Zhou' 'Yansong Sun' 'Wenhui Yang'] Aerosol samplers are critical tools for studying indoor and outdoor aerosols. Development and evaluation of samplers is often labor-intensive and time-consuming due to the need to use monodisperse aerosols spanning a…
Bokun Sun, Ziyang Wang, Jiayun Huang, Yumeng Li + 4 more
While particulate matter (PM) instruments are widely used for air quality monitoring and policy development, there is limited research on how wind speed (U0) and contact angle (θ) affect the measurement accuracy of submicron PM, or particles with their diameters ≤ one µm (PM1). This study addresses this gap by…
Jasper Verwilt, Jan Hellemans, Tom Sante, Pieter Mestdagh + 1 more
'Jo Vandesompele'] To increase the throughput, lower the cost, and save scarce test reagents, laboratories can pool patient samples before SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR testing. While different sample pooling methods have been proposed and effectively implemented in some laboratories, no systematic and large-scale evaluations…
Chul Min Kim, Gyu Man Kim, Yongxin Song
We present a 1600 parallel microchamber microfluidic device for fast sample array preparation using the immiscibility of two liquids. The trapping efficiency and size of the arrayed sample in the microchambers of a parallel microfluidic device were analyzed at various flow rates. The trapping efficiency of the sample…
Vı́ctor Elvira, Luca Martino, Christian P. Robert
> Abstract. The effective sample size (ESS) is widely used in samplebased simulation methods for assessing the quality of a Monte Carlo approximation of a given distribution and of related integrals. In this paper, we revisit and complete the approximation of the ESS in the specific context of importance sampling (IS).…
Mohammad Salehi, David R. Smith, Inés P. Mariño
Sampling rare and clustered populations is challenging because of the effort required to find rare units. Heuristically, a practitioner would prefer to discontinue sampling in areas where rare units of interest are apparently extremely sparse or absent. We take advantage of the characteristics of inverse sampling to…
Yuji Kaiya, Ryo Tamura, Koji Tsuda
Kinetic models are widely used in simulating the relationship between the input space and the outcome space of a chemical process. Ignoring the computational cost, complete profiling, i.e., performing simulation at all grid points in the input space, would be the best way to understand the model, because it provides us…
Shiyue Yang, Graeme Day
We describe the implementation of a Monte Carlo basin hopping global optimization procedure for the prediction of molecular crystal structure. The basin hopping method is combined with quasi-random structure generation in a hybrid method for crystal structure prediction, QR-BH, which combines the low-discrepancy…
Yushan Zhang, Chang-qing Xu, Tianyi Guo, Lingcheng Hong
One of the biggest challenges in rapid low concentration bacterial detection is the pre-concentration or pre-enrichment, which aims to increase bacteria concentration and reduce sample volume for easy bacterial detection. In practical bacterial detection, large-volume water samples with a pathogenic bacterial…
Aníbal Galindro, Micael Santos, Delfim F. M. Torres, Ana Marta‐Costa
During the past sixty years, a lot of effort has been made regarding the productive efficiency. Such endeavours provided an extensive bibliography on this subject, culminating in two main methods, named the Stochastic Frontier Analysis (parametric) and Data Envelopment Analysis (non-parametric). The literature states…
Yulia Panina, Arno Germond, Brit G. David, Tomonobu M. Watanabe
The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is routinely used for quantification of nucleic acids and is considered the gold standard in the field of relative nucleic acid measurements. The efficiency of the qPCR reaction is one of the most important parameters that needs to be determined, reported, and…
Chiara Schirripa Spagnolo, Aldo Moscardini, Rosy Amodeo, Fabio Beltram + 1 more
Labeling efficiency is a crucial parameter in fluorescence applications, especially when studying biomolecular interactions. Current approaches for estimating the yield of fluorescent labeling have critical drawbacks that usually lead them to be inaccurate or not quantitative. We present a method to quantify…
Takashi Fukuzawa, Yanjie Zhao, Naofumi Nishizawa, Hisao Nagata + 1 more
Environmental DNA (eDNA) methodology is widely applied in the biomonitoring of organisms, but it requires the target DNA to be detected in a simple, stable, and highly sensitive manner. Detection sensitivity of eDNA measurement becomes particularly critical when monitoring species present at low abundance. In this…
Igor Lutsenko
Currently, there is quite a strange situation in the knowledge "market". A great number of publications consider efficiency as the "old good friend". At the same time, without the validation of the developed criterion, a reader is invited to use one or the other indicator as efficiency indicator. It resembles the…
Zhimian Hao, Chonghuan Zhang, Alexei Lapkin
We propose a workflow for reduction in the time required for data generation during generation of statistical digital twins. This methodology is particularly relevant for real-world engineering problems when data generation is expensive. A prerequisite for building surrogates is sufficient input/output data, whereas…
Thomas D. Schneider
Unlike the Carnot heat engine efficiency published in 1824, an isothermal efficiency derived from thermodynamics and information theory can be applied to biological systems. The original approach by Pierce and Cutler in 1959 to derive the isothermal efficiency equation came from Shannon’s channel capacity of 1949 and…
Gustavo A. L. Forão, Fernando S. Filho, Pedro V. Paraguassú
Collisional Brownian engines have attracted significant attention due to their simplicity, experimental accessibility, and amenability to exact analytical solutions. While previous research has predominantly focused on optimizing mean values of power and efficiency, the joint statistical properties of these performance…
Vallary Gupta, Ahana Sarkar, Chirag Deb, Arnab Jana
Energy-poor households often compromise their thermal comfort and refrain from operating mechanical cooling devices to avoid high electricity bills. This is compounded by certain behavioral practices like retention of older, less efficient appliances, resulting in missed energy savings. Thus, the need to enhance…
Md. Zobaer Hasan, Anton Abdulbasah Kamil, Adli Mustafa, Md. Azizul Baten + 1 more
'Md. Azizul Baten' 'Alejandro Raul Hernandez Montoya'] Banking system plays an important role in the economic development of any country. Domestic banks, which are the main components of the banking system, have to be efficient; otherwise, they may create obstacle in the process of development in any economy. This…
Sterling Baird, Jason R. Hall, Taylor D. Sparks
Would you rather search for a line inside a cube or a point inside a square? Physics-based simulations and wet-lab experiments often have symmetries (degeneracies) that allow reducing problem dimensionality or search space, but constraining these degeneracies is often unsupported or difficult to implement in many…
Tessa Dunlop
concept Authors: ['Tessa Dunlop'] Energy efficiency is a popular policy strategy to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. The concept of energy efficiency is relatively simple - to use less energy for the same level of output. However, complexities emerge when applying efficiency concepts to real…
Authors not listed
Biological processes underpin centralized wastewater treatment but are difficult to deploy at small scale. Thermomechanical and thermochemical approaches could enable household-level sanitation, yet their economic and environmental potential remains unclear. We assessed two prototype household reinvented toilets…