22 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Bradley J. Morris, Steve Croker, Corinne Zimmerman, Devin Gill + 1 more
'Connie Romig'] Science is critically important for advancing economics, health, and social well-being in the twenty-first century. A scientifically literate workforce is one that is well-suited to meet the challenges of an information economy. However, scientific thinking skills do not routinely develop and must be…
Christopher Osterhaus, Amanda C. Brandone, Stella Vosniadou, Ageliki Nicolopoulou
Scientific ways of knowing and the ability to think and act to enhance our understanding of the natural and social world are among the greatest human intellectual achievements. In modern knowledge-rich societies, scientific thinking is of crucial importance since it allows participation in increasingly complex public…
Rodney M. Schmaltz, Erik Jansen, Nicole Wenckowski
From primary to post-secondary school, critical thinking (CT) is an oft cited focus or key competency (e.g., DeAngelo et al., ; California Department of Education, ; Alberta Education, ; Australian Curriculum Assessment and Reporting Authority, ). Unfortunately, the definition of CT has become so broad that it can…
Liena Hačatrjana, Dace Namsone
Various skills related to critical thinking, reasoning, and scientific reasoning are defined as essential for students in policy documents and curricula around the world as essential both in school and in everyday life. However, these concepts are often too vaguely defined and explained for a clear implementation in…
Biljana Gjoneska
The tendency to believe in conspiracy theories (implying secret and malevolent plots by scheming groups or individuals), incites growing decennial interest among psychological researchers (exploring the associated personality traits, worldviews and cognitive styles of people). The link between the conspiratorial…
Oliver Marc Wittwer
This paper introduces Reflective Empiricism, an extension of empirical science that incorporates subjective perception and consciousness processes as equally valid sources of knowledge. It views reality as an interplay of subjective experience and objective laws, comprehensible only through systematic introspection…
Pfefferová, Miriam Spodniaková, Plesch, Martin
Experimental activities are an essential part of physics education. In addition to conveying scientific knowledge, they play a significant role in developing scientific literacy, inquiry skills, and critical thinking. In today's world, where students are exposed to vast amounts of information of varying quality, the…
Stefaan Blancke, Maarten Boudry
Modern democratic societies tend to appeal to the authority of science when dealing with important challenges and solving their problems. Nevertheless, distrust in science remains widespread among the public, and, as a result, scientific voices are often ignored or discarded in favour of other perspectives. Though…
Yuanqi Du, Chenru Duan, Andres Bran, Anna Sotnikova + 5 more
Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated outstanding capabilities in general problem-solving and been shown to improve productivity in certain domains. Thanks to their flexibility, recent work has leveraged them for diverse scientific applications, ranging from predictive modeling, scientific Q&A, and even as…
Authors not listed
Step-by-step thinking is essential in all domains of chemical sciences and engineering. While machine learning tools are broadly used, algorithms that automate reasoning are far less common. We elaborate on seven categories of human reasoning activities and connect each to applications in chemical science and…
Authors not listed
In philosophy and science, a first principle is a basic proposition or assumption that cannot be deduced from any other proposition or assumption. Ancient Greek philosophy Aristotle defined the first principle as “the first basis from which a thing is known.” First principles thinking (or reasoning from first…
Rosario A. Marroquín-Flores, Maverick A. Campbell, Stephanie Grimes, Lisa B. Limeri
The ability to use data and evidence as the basis for scientific reasoning is a critical skill that undergraduate students must learn to successfully transition into science careers. There is a need for pedagogical tools that promote the development of science process skills and reduce barriers to implementation in the…
Tamás Köpeczi-Bócz
This study investigates multidisciplinary innovation in the teaching of scientific writing, focusing on the development of a theoretical framework and its experimental validation. The framework integrates logical thinking, creativity, and adaptability to enhance scientific writing skills and communication competencies.…
Tong Wang
The research on the brain mechanism of creativity mainly has two aspects, one is the creative thinking process, and the other is the brain structure and functional connection characteristics of highly creative people. The billions of nerve cells in the brain connect and interact with each other. The hundreds of…
Gustavo Adolfo Montaño Medina
This study analyzed how the dimensions of divergent thinking (PD)—fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration—impacted quality and innovation in scientific production at a university in the Dominican Republic. Using a quantitative approach based on a Structural Equation Model (SEM), the relationships between the…
Wang Zhong, Zhang Yi, Jiang Yi
Inspired by a sample lesson, this paper studies and discusses children’s preferences in learning scientific concepts. In a “Dissolution” lesson, one of the students took the demonstration experiment of “carmine dissolves in Water” demonstrated by the teacher as the prototype to judge whether a new phenomenon belongs to…
Massimo Stella, Anastasia Kapuza, Catherine Cramer, Stephen Uzzo
Computational thinking is a way of reasoning about the world in terms of data. This mindset channels number crunching toward an ambition to discover knowledge through logic, models and simulations. Here we show how computational cognitive science can be used to reconstruct and analyse the structure of computational…
Authors not listed
This article proposes a three-level classification of artificial intelligence (AI) application in chemical sciences, reflecting the increasing degree of technology involvement in scientific and production processes: from automation of routine tasks (the level of "AI Assistant"), to the creation of specialized…
Camilla Kao, Che-I Kao, Russell Furr
In science, safety can seem unfashionable. Satisfying safety requirements can slow the pace of research, make it cumbersome, or cost significant amounts of money. The logic of rules can seem unclear. Compliance can feel like a negative incentive. So besides the obvious benefit that safety keeps one safe, why do some…
Han Hao, Kai Zhang, Momiao Xiong
The recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI) increase the hope that AI can provide a powerful tool to facilitate scientific discovery and to generate and validate new ideas for scientific research autonomously. Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT4 have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in…
Authors not listed
As the utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) and generative AI (GenAI) is expanding in the educational field, presenting significant implications for STEM disciplines, it is bringing opportunities to enhance how chemistry and chemical engineering are taught and learned. This perspective critically explores the…
Liane Gabora
Convergent and divergent thought are promoted as key constructs of creativity. Convergent thought is defined and measured in terms of the ability to perform on tasks where there is one correct solution, and divergent thought is defined and measured in terms of the ability to generate multiple solutions. However, these…