22 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Xingxing Zhang, Mirella Lapata
Sentence simplification aims to make sentences easier to read and understand. Most recent approaches draw on insights from machine translation to learn simplification rewrites from monolingual corpora of complex and simple sentences. We address the simplification problem with an encoder-decoder model coupled with a…
Sara Vecchiato
In this paper, we distinguish between four interconnected notions that recur in the literature on text simplification: clarity, easiness, plainness, and simplicity. While plain language and easy language have both been the subject of standardization efforts, there are few attempts to define text clarity and text…
Farooq Zaman, Faisal Kamiran, Matthew Shardlow, Saeed-Ul Hassan + 2 more
'Asim Karim' 'Naif Radi Aljohani'] Simplifying summaries of scholarly publications has been a popular method for conveying scientific discoveries to a broader audience. While text summarization aims to shorten long documents, simplification seeks to reduce the complexity of a document. To accomplish these tasks…
Sanja Štajner, Daniel Ferrés, Matthew Shardlow, Kai North + 2 more
Even in highly-developed countries, as many as 15-30% of the population can only understand texts written using a basic vocabulary. Their understanding of everyday texts is limited, which prevents them from taking an active role in society and making informed decisions regarding healthcare, legal representation, or…
Guangyuan Yao, Lingxi Fan, Wei Lun Wong
This study investigates the phenomenon of simplification in Chinese-to-English translation across Human Translation (HT), neural machine translation (NMT), and large language model (LLM)-based translation, ChatGPT as an example. Employing entropy-based metrics (unigram entropy and Part-of-Speech (POS) entropy) to…
Sumathi Gokulanathan, Alexander Feldsher, Adi Malca, Clark Barrett + 1 more
'Guy Katz'] Abstract. Deep neural network (DNN) verification is an emerging field, with diverse verification engines quickly becoming available. Demonstrating the effectiveness of these engines on real-world DNNs is an important step towards their wider adoption. We present a tool that can leverage existing…
Tayyaba Shehzad, Sadaf Abdul Rauf, Saleha Nazeer, Ali Daud + 2 more
In the domain of language simplification, creating aligned monolingual parallel datasets tailored to specific linguistic dialects is a significant endeavor. This pursuit, introduces the pioneering Punjabi Simplification (PUSIM) corpus, which focuses on the Shahmukhi dialect. Shahmukhi, one of the two prominent dialects…
Baudouin Le Charlier
We present a method to simplify expressions in the context of an equational theory. The basic ideas and concepts of the method have been presented previously elsewhere but here we tackle the difficult task of making it efficient in practice, in spite of its great generality. We first recall the notion of a collection…
Hiroshi Maruoka, Shota Hamada, Eriko Koujiya, Kazumi Higashihara + 9 more
'Hiroshi Shinonaga' 'Katsuaki Arai' 'Saiko Saotome' 'Takashi Okura' 'Fumihiro Mizokami' 'Jiro Okochi' 'Yasushi Takeya' 'Naomi Kurata' 'Masahiro Akishita' ''] Many older adults who are certified for long-term care services live or stay in long-term care facilities (LTCFs), where they receive medical and nursing care.…
Janet K. Sluggett, Georgina A. Hughes, Choon Ean Ooi, Esa Y. H. Chen + 6 more
'Megan Corlis' 'Michelle E. Hogan' 'Tessa Caporale' 'Jan Van Emden' 'J. Simon Bell' 'Paul B. Tchounwou'] Complex medication regimens are highly prevalent, burdensome for residents and staff, and associated with poor health outcomes in residential aged care facilities (RACFs). The SIMPLER study was a non-blinded…
Willem A.M. Wybo, Jakob Jordan, Benjamin Ellenberger, Ulisses M. Mengual + 2 more
Dendrites shape information flow in neurons. Yet, there is little consensus on the level of spatial complexity at which they operate. We present a flexible and fast method to obtain simplified neuron models at any level of complexity. Through carefully chosen parameter fits, solvable in the least squares sense, we…
Chenkai Xu, Hongwei Lin
—With the development of the Internet and other digital technologies, the speed of data generation has become considerably faster than the speed of data processing. Because big data typically contain massive redundant information, it is possible to significantly simplify a big data set while maintaining the key…
Ben Goertzel
While the Occam's Razor heuristic – when in doubt, choose the simplest hypothesis – is intuitively appealing, it obviously requires a theory of simplicity in order to become fully meaningful. Toward this end, a formal theory of simplicity is introduced, in the context of a "combinational" computation model that views…
Niklas Korsbo, Henrik Jönsson
Thoughtful use of simplifying assumptions is crucial to make systems biology models tractable while still representative of the underlying biology. A useful simplification can elucidate the core dynamics of a system. A poorly chosen assumption can, however, either render a model too complicated for making conclusions…
Authors not listed
Two kinetic schemes of the general modifier mechanism have been analysed in a quasi-steady state approximation, assuming that the reaction product concentration is negligible (a natural assumption for the initial rate method) and without additional simplifying assumptions. The characteristic equations have been…
Riccardo Ziraldo, Andreas Hanke, Stephen D. Levene
The topological state of covalently closed, double-stranded DNA is defined by the knot type K and the linking-number difference ΔLk relative to unknotted relaxed DNA. DNA topoisomerases are essential enzymes that control the topology of DNA in all cells. In particular, type-II topoisomerases change both K and ΔLk by a…
Raphael Mostov, Greyson Lewis, Gabriel Sturm, Wallace F. Marshall
This paper addresses the increasing need for comprehensive mathematical descriptions of cell organization by examining the algebraic structure of mitochondrial network dynamics. Mitochondria are cellular structures involved in metabolism that take the form of a network of membrane-based tubes that undergo continuous…
Imran S. Khan, Christopher Molina, Xin Ren, Vincent C. Auyeung + 4 more
Premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) have impaired alveolar gas exchange due to alveolar simplification and dysmorphic pulmonary vasculature. Advances in clinical care have improved survival for infants with BPD, but the overall incidence of BPD remains unchanged because we lack specific therapies to…
Pencho Yordanov, Jörg Stelling
Kirchhoff polynomials are central for deriving symbolic steady-state expressions of models whose dynamics are governed by linear diffusion on graphs. In biology, such models have been unified under a common linear framework subsuming studies across areas such as enzyme kinetics, G-protein coupled receptors, ion…
L. Scorzato
Simple assumptions represent a decisive reason to prefer one theory to another in everyday scientific praxis. But this praxis has little philosophical justification, since there exist many notions of simplicity, and those that can be defined precisely strongly depend on the language in which the theory is formulated.…
Authors not listed
A dual-site extension is proposed to the previously derived ideal adsorbed solution theory analytical solution for two coadsorbing single-site BET isotherms. The proposed dual-site BET (DSBET) isotherm model is described in detail, along with multiple possible simplifications for real systems, including modeling humid…
David Lundberg, Landon Kilgallon, Julian Cooper, Francesca Starvaggi + 2 more
An understanding of monomer sequence is required to predict and engineer the properties of copolymers. Typically, comonomer sequence is inferred or determined from reactivity ratios, which are measured through copolymerization experiments. The accurate determination of reactivity ratios from copolymerizations where one…