24 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Edward Bormashenko
The meaning and evolution of the notion of “temperature” (which is a key concept for the condensed and gaseous matter theories) are addressed from different points of view. The concept of temperature has turned out to be much more fundamental than conventionally thought. In particular, the temperature may be introduced…
H. F. Stimson
The International Practical Temperature Scale of 1948 is a text revision of the International Temperature Scale of 1948, the numerical values of temperatures remaining the same. The adjective “Practical” was added to the name by the International Committee on Weights and Measures. The scale continues to be based upon…
Edward Bormashenko
The meaning and evolution of the notion of "temperature" (which is a key concept for the condensed and gaseous matter theories) is addressed from the different points of view. The concept of temperature turns out to be much more fundamental than it is conventionally thought. In particular, the temperature may be…
Jiřı́ J. Mareš
Temperature, the central concept of thermal physics, is one of the most frequently employed physical quantities in common practice. Even though the operative methods of the temperature measurement are described in detail in various practical instructions and textbooks, the rigorous treatment of this concept is almost…
Patrycja Dolibog, Barbara Pietrzyk, Klaudia Kierszniok, Krzysztof Pawlicki + 2 more
Body temperature measurement is one of the basic methods in clinical diagnosis. The problems of thermometry-interpretation of the accuracy and repeatability of various types of thermometers-are still being discussed, especially during the current pandemic in connection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus responsible for causing…
Grégory Franck, Marie Le Borgne, Hélène Cazier, Patrick Laignel + 2 more
In endothermic animals, body temperature (BT) is an evolutionary conserved and well characterized physical parameter that guarantees physiological functioning state. It results from the sum of bioenergetic processes of the body weighted by behavioral strategies, heat loss, and thermolytic processes. However, the…
J. F. Schooley
In the NBS/NIST Gas Thermometry program, constant-volume gas thermometers, a unique mercury manometer, and a highly accurate thermal expansion apparatus have been employed to evaluate temperatures on the Kelvin Thermodynamic Temperature Scale (KTTS) that correspond to particular temperatures on the 1968 International…
Merab Gogberashvili
The atomic scale is the only relevant thermodynamic scale in our universe, since quantum properties restrict classical considerations of subatomic physics and disappear for larger scales. Then the characteristic energy that dictates the value of the unit of temperature can be the classical thermal energy defined for…
Simen Jacobs, Federico Vazquez, Nikita Frolov, Lendert Gelens
Temperature shapes all biological processes, particularly during the early development of ectothermic organisms. A widely used framework for describing temperature dependence is the Arrhenius equation, which predicts an exponential increase in rates with temperature. However, biological rates often deviate from this…
Nikodem J. Popławski
The temperature of a mechanical body has a kinetic interpretation: it describes the relative motion of particles within the body. Since the relative velocity of two particles is a Lorentz invariant, so is the temperature. In statistical physics, the temperature is defined as the inverse of the partial derivative of the…
Myroslava Protsiv, Catherine Ley, Joanna Lankester, Trevor Hastie + 1 more
In the US, the normal, oral temperature of adults is, on average, lower than the canonical 37°C established in the 19^th^ century. We postulated that body temperature has decreased over time. Using measurements from three cohorts--the Union Army Veterans of the Civil War (N=23,710; measurement years 1860-1940), the…
Mario BARBATTI
The microcanonical temperature of an isolated molecule is derived in terms of Boltzmann and Gibbs volume entropies within the quantum harmonic vibrational approximation. The effects of the entropy functional choice and various approximations are examined. The difference between Boltzmann and Gibbs volume temperatures…
Ivayla I Geneva, Brian Cuzzo, Tasaduq Fazili, Waleed Javaid
PubMed was searched from 1935 to December 2017 with a variety of search phrases among article titles. The references of the identified manuscripts were then manually searched. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) the paper presented data on measured normal body temperature of healthy human subjects ages 18 and…
A. E. Allahverdyan, S. G. Gevorkian, Yu. A. Dyakov, Pao-Kuan Wang
The notion of mean temperature is crucial for a number of fields including climate science, fluid dynamics and biophysics. However, so far its correct thermodynamic foundation is lacking or even believed to be impossible. A physically correct definition should not be based on mathematical notions of the means (e.g. the…
W. Muschik
State space and entropy rate of a discrete non-equilibrium system are shortly considered including internal variables and the contact temperature. The concept of internal variables in the context of non-equilibrium thermodynamics of a closed discrete system is discussed. The difference between internal variables and…
A.A. Osypov, V.K. Krokhaleva, A.M. Romshin, I. Yu Popova
Temperature is one of the least studied biophysical characteristics of the brain, although both the rate of biochemical reactions and the electrical activity of nervous tissue directly depend on it. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between brain and body temperatures in anesthetized animals.…
Charles D. Schaper
Thermoregulation is crucial to homeostasis but the mechanisms by which body temperature is controlled are still largely mysterious, especially in response to infectious agents and other exogenous stressors. This research develops a model of body temperature dynamics with a new hypothesis of integrated pathways…
Radames JB Cordero, Arturo Casadevall
Fungi play essential roles in global ecology and economy, but their thermal biology is widely unknown. Infrared imaging revealed that mushrooms, yeasts, and molds each maintained colder temperatures than their surroundings. Fungal specimens are to be ~2.5 °C colder than the surrounding temperature. Time-lapse infrared…
Shuri Marui, Ayaka Misawa, Yuki Tanaka, Kei Nagashima
Background The aims of this study were to (1) evaluate whether recently introduced methods of measuring axillary temperature are reliable, (2) examine if individuals know their baseline body temperature based on an actual measurement, and (3) assess the factors affecting axillary temperature and reevaluate the meaning…
Vincent Dufour-Decieux, Brandi Ransom, Rodrigo Freitas, Jose Blanchet + 1 more
Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations are a key tool to understand the mechanism of complex chemical system and observe their outcomes in different conditions. However, such simulations are computationally expensive, which limits their timescales to the nanoseconds. This limitation is inconsequential at high…
Authors not listed
Classical and quantum mechanics laws are rebuilt in the framework of new thermodynamics: Electrons condense to form the hot protons and cool protons (neutrons), and then construct the nucleus by the thermal difference force. An atom is an adiabatic electron-gas system. Heat is the sum of variations in kinetic energy…
Authors not listed
Mid-infrared (mid-IR) electrochromism is a promising technology that enables new ways to control radiative heat, which is particularly crucial for applications such as building thermoregulation efficiency, industrial process efficiency, spacecraft thermal engineering, and personal heat management. However, most mid-IR…
Kasper Tolborg, Johan Klarbring, Alex M. Ganose, Aron Walsh
What is the likelihood that a hypothetical material - the combination of a composition and crystal structure - can be formed? Underpinning the reliability of predictions for local or global crystal stability is the choice of thermodynamic potential. Here, we discuss recent advances in free energy descriptions for…
Mohsen Farshad
Providing a simple description of entropy as the foundation of thermodynamics is necessary for researchers in explaining physical phenomena in the universe. Here we dive deep into the meaning of entropy starting from the basics and ending with the Newton's second law of motion which may be rooted in a hidden dimension…