25 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Bob Kapteijns, Florian Hintz, Masatoshi Koizumi
When estimating the influence of sentence complexity on reading, researchers typically opt for one of two main approaches: Measuring syntactic complexity (SC) or transitional probability (TP). Comparisons of the predictive power of both approaches have yielded mixed results. To address this inconsistency, we conducted…
Gerd Niestegge
Max Born’s statistical interpretation made probabilities play a major role in quantum theory. Here we show that these quantum probabilities and the classical probabilities have very different origins. Although the latter always result from an assumed probability measure, the first include transition probabilities with…
Gerd Niestegge
Max Born's statistical interpretation made probabilities play a major role in quantum theory. Here we show that these quantum probabilities and the classical probabilities have very different origins. While the latter always result from an assumed probability measure, the first include transition probabilities with a…
Patrick Forré
We develope the framework of transitional conditional independence. For this we introduce transition probability spaces and transitional random variables. These constructions will generalize, strengthen and unify previous notions of (conditional) random variables and non-stochastic variables, (extended) stochastic…
Julia Kravchenko, Igor Akushevich, Staci L. Sudenga, Craig M. Wilson + 3 more
'Emily B. Levitan' 'Sadeep Shrestha' 'Beatriz G. J. Grinsztejn'] Background HIV-1-positive patients clear the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection less frequently than HIV-1-negative. Datasets for estimating HPV clearance probability often have irregular measurements of HPV status and risk factors. A new transitional…
John M. Pandolfi, Timothy L. Staples, Wolfgang Kiessling
Local and global environmental change is transforming ecological assemblages into new configurations, resulting in ecosystems with novel communities. Here we develop a robust methodology for the identification of novel communities, examine patterns in their natural chance of occurrence, and quantify the probability of…
Xiao-Kan Guo
We study the (generalized) transition probability spaces, in the sense of Mielnik and Cantoni, for spacetime quantum states in loop quantum gravity. First, we show that loop quantum gravity admits the structures of transition probability spaces. This is exemplified by first checking such structures in covariant quantum…
Andrea Kóbor, Kata Horváth, Zsófia Kardos, Dezso Nemeth + 1 more
It is unclear to what extent implicit prior knowledge is involved and remains persistent in the extraction of the statistical structure underlying sensory input. Therefore, this study investigated whether the implicit knowledge on 2^nd^ order transitional probabilities characterizing a stream of visual stimuli impacts…
Anton Nazarov, M. S. Sushkov
We consider random Young diagrams with respect to the measure induced by the decomposition of the p-th exterior power of C n ⊗ C k into irreducible representations of GL n ×GL k . We demonstrate that transition probabilities for these diagrams in the limit n, k, p → ∞ with p ∼ nk converge to the large N limiting law…
Tom Britton, Andrea Pugliese
We consider a model for the spread of an influenza-like disease in which, between seasons, the virus makes a random genetic drift (reducing immunity) and obtains a new random transmissibility (closely related to $R_0$). Given the immunity status at the start of season k, i.e. the community distribution of years since…
Ko-Ping Chou, Tzu-Yu Hsu
The P300 amplitude has been linked to the processing of uncertain events. Studies have assumed that knowledge extracted from sequences of events corresponds to event probability. The relationship between the P300 and event uncertainty has been studied using the model-based analysis, in which the subjective expectancy…
Antonio Di Crescenzo, Antonella Iuliano, Barbara Martinucci
We consider a bilateral birth-death process characterized by a constant transition rate λ from even states and a possibly different transition rate µ from odd states. We determine the probability generating functions of the even and odd states, the transition probabilities, mean and variance of the process for…
Sébastien Gomé, Laurette S. Tuckerman, Dwight Barkley
Transitional localised turbulence in shear flows is known to either decay to an absorbing laminar state or to proliferate via splitting. The average passage times from one state to the other depend superexponentially on the Reynolds number and lead to a crossing Reynolds number above which proliferation is more likely…
Pavel Levin, Jérémie Lefebvre, Theodore J. Perkins
Many biomolecular systems depend on orderly sequences of chemical transformations or reactions. Yet, the dynamics of single molecules or small-copy-number molecular systems are significantly stochastic. Here, we propose state sequence analysis-a new approach for predicting or visualizing the behaviour of stochastic…
Kai Zhou, Ian Dobson, Zhaoyu Wang, Alexander Roitershtein + 1 more
'Arka P. Ghosh'] We use observed transmission line outage data to make a Markovian influence graph that describes the probabili- ties of transitions between generations of cascading line outages. Each generation of a cascade consists of a single line outage or multiple line outages. The new influence graph defines a…
Bianca De Sanctis, A. P. Jason de Koning
Consider a system evolving according to an absorbing discretetime Markov chain with known transition matrix. The state of the system is observed at two points in time, separated by an unknown number of generations. We are interested in calculating the expected elapsed time and its variance. We provide a novel, exact…
Benedikt Axel Brandes
In this contribution, I derive the transition state theory through a probabilistic model embedded in statistical mechanics. This leads to a formulation equivalent to the Eyring equation proving that the transfer coefficient must always be one. This derivation proves that the transition between two systems that are…
Baoyin Yuan, Feng Jiao
Understanding extinction probabilities in branching processes is pivotal for epidemiology and population dynamics. Traditional models often assume a fixed generation time, resulting in extinction probabilities determined solely by offspring distributions and remaining unchanged over time. By contrast, our study…
Authors not listed
Classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is the most computationally efficient way to model large molecular systems atomistically for extended periods; however, due to fixed forcefield parameters, incorporating on-the-fly quantum reactions is not straightforward. Reactive Step-Based Molecular Dynamics (RSMD) is a…
Alan Hastings, Karen C. Abbott, Kim Cuddington, Tessa Francis + 4 more
There is a growing recognition that ecological systems can spend extended periods of time far away from an asymptotic state, and that ecological understanding will therefore require a deeper appreciation for how long ecological transients arise. Recent work has defined classes of deterministic mechanisms that can lead…
Mattias Forsgren, Peter Juslin, Ronald van den Berg
Extensive research in the behavioural sciences has addressed people’s ability to learn stationary probabilities, which stay constant over time, but only recently have there been attempts to model the cognitive processes whereby people learn – and track – non-stationary probabilities. In this context, the old debate on…
Authors not listed
Gibbs’ paradox—the apparent discontinuity in mixing entropy for gases of varying similarity and the seeming reversibility of mixing-separation cycles—has resisted fully satisfactory resolution for 150 years. We present a solution based on categorical state theory, which posits that physical con f igurations are…
Javier Villarroel, Miquel Montero, Juan Antonio Vega, Eli Barkai
We consider a discrete-time random walk $(x_{t})$ which, at random times, is reset to the starting position and performs a deterministic motion between them. We show that the quantity $Prx_{(t+1)}(=n+1|)x_{t}=n,n\rightarrow\infty$ determines if the system is averse, neutral or inclined towards resetting. It also…
Francesco Talotta, David Lauvergnat, Federica Agostini
The exact factorization of the electron-nuclear wavefunction is applied to the study of the photo- isomerization of a retinal chromophore model. We describe such an ultrafast nonadiabatic process by analyzing the time-dependent potentials of the theory and by mimicking nuclear dynamics with quantum and coupled…
Authors not listed
Traditional electron-configuration notation (e.g. 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6) compresses multi-electron quantum information into integer occupancies that convey allowed maxima and most-probable arrangements but obscure the underlying probabilistic distribution and the spread of possible measurement outcomes. We present a…