26 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Heike Felzmann, Eduard Fosch-Villaronga, Christoph Lutz, Aurelia Tamò-Larrieux
In this article, we develop the concept of Transparency by Design that serves as practical guidance in helping promote the beneficial functions of transparency while mitigating its challenges in automated-decision making (ADM) environments. With the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and the ability of AI systems to…
Rishi Bommasani, Kevin Klyman, Shayne Longpre, Sayash Kapoor + 4 more
'Nestor Maslej' 'Betty Xiong' 'Daniel Zhang' 'Percy Liang'] Foundation models have rapidly permeated society, catalyzing a wave of generative AI applications spanning enterprise and consumer-facing contexts. While the societal impact of foundation models is growing, transparency is on the decline, mirroring the opacity…
Dave Murray-Rust, Kars Alfrink, Cristina Zaga
Artificial intelligence has become a part of the provision of governmental services, from making decisions about benefits to issuing fines for parking violations. However, AI systems rarely live up to the promise of neutral optimisation, creating biased or incorrect outputs and reducing the agency of both citizens and…
Victoria Alonso, Paloma de la Puente
What does transparency mean in a shared autonomy framework? Different ways of understanding system transparency in human-robot interaction can be found in the state of the art. In one of the most common interpretations of the term, transparency is the observability and predictability of the system behavior, the…
Laura Schelenz, Avi Segal, Kobi Gal
Artificial Intelligence based systems increasingly use personalization to provide users with relevant content, products, and solutions. Personalization is intended to support users and address their respective needs and preferences. However, users are becoming increasingly vulnerable to online manipulation due to…
Robert Ennis, Katja Doerschner
Studies on the perceived color of transparent objects have elucidated potential mechanisms but have mainly focused on flat filters that overlay a flat background. However, studies with flat filters have not captured all aspects of physical transparency, such as caustics, specular reflections/highlights, and shadows.…
Karina A. Roundtree, Jason R. Cody, Jennifer Leaf, Hasan Demirel + 1 more
'Julie A. Adams'] Interest in collective robotic systems has increased rapidly due to the potential benefits that can be offered to operators, such as increased safety and support, who perform challenging tasks in high-risk environments. Human-collective transparency research has focused on how the design of the…
Tabea Ott, Peter Dabrock
The use of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data in health care opens up new opportunities for the measurement of the human. Their application aims not only at gathering more and better data points but also at doing it less invasive. With this change in health care towards its extension to almost all areas of life and…
Valentin Zieglmeier, Alexander Pretschner
We think the conflict between data protection and increasingly data-based systems should be solved differently. When access to data is given, all usages should be made transparent to the data subjects. This enables their data sovereignty, allowing individuals to benefit from sensible data usage while addressing…
Gunther Eysenbach, Yuanchia Chu, Robert Verheij, Kathy McKay + 4 more
'Brandon Kohrt' 'Gudbjörg Erlingsdóttir' 'Lena Petersson' 'Karin Jonnergård'] Background The New Public Management movement strove for transparency so that policy makers and citizens could gain insight into the work and performance of health care. As the use of the electronic health record (EHR) started to diffuse, a…
Mónica Arias, Jérôme Barbut, Rodolphe Rougerie, Manon Dutry + 7 more
Transparency reduces prey detectability by predators. While transparent aquatic species hold higher transparency levels as the light availability of their habitat increases, less is known about such variation in terrestrial species. Lepidoptera species exhibiting transparent wings display various levels of…
D. Gomez, C. Pinna, J. Pairraire, M. Arias + 8 more
In water, transparency seems an ideal concealment strategy, as testified by the variety of transparent aquatic organisms. By contrast, transparency is nearly absent on land, with the exception of insect wings, and knowledge is scarce about its functions and evolution, with fragmentary studies and no comparative…
Monica Tatasciore, Laura Bennett, Vanessa K. Bowden, Jason Bell + 7 more
Objective We examined whether allowing operators to self-select automation transparency level (adaptable transparency) could improve accuracy of automation use compared to nonadaptable (fixed) low and high transparency. We examined factors underlying higher transparency selection (decision risk, perceived difficulty).…
Liliane Ventura, Gabriel Torres de Jesus, Gunter Camilo Dablas de Oliveira, Sidney JF Sousa
'Gunter Camilo Dablas de Oliveira' 'Sidney JF Sousa'] Background The authors have developed a small portable device for the objective measurement of the transparency of corneas stored in preservative medium, for use by eye banks in evaluation prior to transplantation. Methods The optical system consists of a white…
Mónica Arias, Johanna Mappes, Charlotte Desbois, Swanne Gordon + 4 more
1. Predation is an important selective pressure and some prey have evolved warning colour signals advertising unpalatability (i.e. aposematism) as an antipredator strategy. Unexpectedly, some butterfly species from the unpalatable tribe Ithomiini possess transparent wings, an adaptation rare on land but common in water…
Peter Hall, Olivia Mundahl, Sunoo Park
Transparent AI Authors: ['Peter Hall' 'Olivia Mundahl' 'Sunoo Park'] In computer security, transparency is likewise regarded as a key concept. The security community has for decades pushed back against so-called security by obscurity—the idea that hiding how a system works protects it from attack—against significant…
Rishi Bommasani, Kevin Klyman, Sayash Kapoor, Shayne Longpre + 3 more
'Betty Xiong' 'Nestor Maslej' 'Percy Liang'] Foundation models are increasingly consequential yet extremely opaque. To characterize the status quo, the Foundation Model Transparency Index was launched in October 2023 to measure the transparency of leading foundation model developers. The October 2023 Index (v1.0)…
Charline Pinna, Maëlle Vilbert, Stephan Borensztajn, Willy Daney de Marcillac + 7 more
Müllerian mimicry is a positive interspecific interaction, whereby co-occurring defended prey species share a common aposematic signal that advertises their defences to predators. In Lepidoptera, aposematic species typically harbour conspicuous opaque wing colour pattern, which have convergent optical properties, as…
Samuel Tonkin, Le Nhan Pham, Jason Gascooke, Martin Johnston + 3 more
With increasing use of infrared imaging in medical diagnostics, military and civilian surveillance, and navigation of autonomous vehicles, there is a need for low-cost alternatives to traditional materials used in infrared optics such as germanium. Sulfur-rich copolymers hold promise, as they are made from low-cost…
Authors not listed
Gallium oxide (Ga2O3) is an ultrawide bandgap semiconductor with promising applications in power electronics and UV-photodetectors. Herein, we present thermal atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Ga2O3 thin films using tris(1,3-diisopropyltriazenide)gallium(III) precursor and water. The deposition process shows saturation…
Adam J. Jackson, Benjamin J. Parrett, Joe Willis, Alex M. Ganose + 15 more
Adam J. Jackson 4 , Benjamin J. Parrett5,3 , Joe Willis1,2,3 , Alex M. Ganose 6 , W. W. Winnie Leung 1 , Benjamin A. D. Williamson 7 , Yuhan Liu 1 , Timur K. Kim 3 , Moritz Hoesch3,8 , Larissa S. I. Veiga 3 , Raman Kalra 1 , Jens Neu 9 , Charles A. Schmuttenmaer 9 , Tien-Lin Lee 3 , Anna Regoutz3,1 , Tim D. Veal 10 …
Joe Willis, Kieran B. Spooner, David O. Scanlon
The combination of optical transparency and bipolar dopability in a single material would revolutionise modern opto-electronics. Of the materials known to be both p- and n-type dopable (such as \ce{SnO} and \ce{CuInO2}), none can satisfy the requirements for both p- and n-type transparent conducting applications. In…
Ke Li, Joe Willis, Seán R. Kavanagh, David O. Scanlon
Transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) possess a unique combination of optical transparency and electrical conductivity, making them indispensable in optoelectronic applications. However, the heavy dependence on a small number of established materials limits the range of devices they can support. The discovery and…
Authors not listed
Transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) play an indispensable role in modern optoelectronic technologies. However, industry primarily relies on a limited range of n-type oxides, severely constraining the design flexibility and optimization of optoelectronic device architectures. Expanding the range of known TCOs would…
Joey Andrew A. Valinton, Alfin Kurniawan, Ren-Huai Jhang, Christian R. Pangilinan + 2 more
Robust antimicrobial coatings featuring high transparency, strong bactericidal activity, and easy application procedure on generic surfaces can be widely accepted by the public to prevent pandemics. In this work, we demonstrated the hand sprayer-based approach to deposit complex oxide coatings composed of…
Yoshiaki Nishijima, Shunya Kimura, Yu Takeshima, Saulius Jodkazis
Control of light absorption and transmission by metal-insulator-metal (MIM) metasurfaces are important for applications in optical windows. In this study we show realization of photo-thermal energy conversion for the radiative cooling. By controlling absorption and transparency of MIM metasurfaces with thin metal…