24 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Anastasiya Kiseleva, Dimitris Kotzinos, Paul De Hert
The lack of transparency is one of the artificial intelligence (AI)'s fundamental challenges, but the concept of transparency might be even more opaque than AI itself. Researchers in different fields who attempt to provide the solutions to improve AI's transparency articulate different but neighboring concepts that…
Rishi Bommasani, Kevin Klyman, Shayne Longpre, Sayash Kapoor + 4 more
'Nestor Maslej' 'Betty Xiong' 'Daniel Zhang' 'Percy Liang'] Foundation models have rapidly permeated society, catalyzing a wave of generative AI applications spanning enterprise and consumer-facing contexts. While the societal impact of foundation models is growing, transparency is on the decline, mirroring the opacity…
Dave Murray-Rust, Kars Alfrink, Cristina Zaga
Artificial intelligence has become a part of the provision of governmental services, from making decisions about benefits to issuing fines for parking violations. However, AI systems rarely live up to the promise of neutral optimisation, creating biased or incorrect outputs and reducing the agency of both citizens and…
Karina Cortiñas-Lorenzo, Siân Lindley, Ida Larsen-Ledet, Bhaskar Mitra
'Bhaskar Mitra'] Knowledge can't be disentangled from people. As AI knowledge systems mine vast volumes of work-related data, the knowledge that's being extracted and surfaced is intrinsically linked to the people who create and use it. When these systems get embedded in organizational settings, the information that is…
Jos Zuijderwijk, Iris Beerepoot, Thomas Martens, Eva Knies + 2 more
Freedom of Information (FOI) laws aim to increase government transparency, yet existing assessments focus mainly on legal compliance and procedural outcomes, leaving organizational behavior underexamined. As FOI processes are increasingly mediated through digital information systems, public response data offer traces…
Tabea Ott, Peter Dabrock
The use of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data in health care opens up new opportunities for the measurement of the human. Their application aims not only at gathering more and better data points but also at doing it less invasive. With this change in health care towards its extension to almost all areas of life and…
Ilayda Namli, Deepak Gupta, Yogendra Pratap Singh, Pallab Datta + 3 more
The complex architecture of the cornea, characterized by specifically organized collagen fibrils and distinct cellular layers, poses significant challenges for traditional tissue engineering strategies to replicate its native function. 3D Bioprinting offers a promising solution by enabling the precise, layer-by-layer…
V. L. Kalmykov, L. V. Kalmykov
Mathematical black box models, which hide the structure and behavior of the subsystems, currently dominate science. Errors and paradoxes, such as the biodiversity paradox and the limiting similarity hypothesis, often arise from subjective interpretations of these hidden mechanisms. To address these problems, we have…
Matteo Plebani, Luca San Mauro, Giorgio Venturi
In this short paper, we analyse whether assuming that mathematical objects are “thin” in Linnebo's sense simplifies the epistemology of mathematics. Towards this end, we introduce the notion of transparency and show that not all thin objects are transparent. We end by arguing that, far from being a weakness of thin…
Carl H.C. Keck, Elizabeth L. Schmidt, Richard H. Roth, Brendan M. Floyd + 28 more
Light scattering in biological tissue presents a significant challenge for deep in vivo imaging. Our previous work demonstrated the ability to achieve optical transparency in live mice using intensely absorbing dye molecules, which created transparency in the red spectrum while blocking shorter-wavelength photons. In…
Muhammed Waqas Shabbir, Matthew Phillips, David Asante-Asare, Zihao Ou
Dynamic imaging is a foundational tool in biology and medicine but is limited by light scattering in live tissues caused by refractive index mismatches, which reduces penetration depth and resolution in biological tissues. Our previous work introduced a novel approach to achieve an optical transparency in live animals…
Monica Tatasciore, Laura Bennett, Vanessa K. Bowden, Jason Bell + 7 more
Objective We examined whether allowing operators to self-select automation transparency level (adaptable transparency) could improve accuracy of automation use compared to nonadaptable (fixed) low and high transparency. We examined factors underlying higher transparency selection (decision risk, perceived difficulty).…
Peter Hall, Olivia Mundahl, Sunoo Park
Transparent AI Authors: ['Peter Hall' 'Olivia Mundahl' 'Sunoo Park'] In computer security, transparency is likewise regarded as a key concept. The security community has for decades pushed back against so-called security by obscurity—the idea that hiding how a system works protects it from attack—against significant…
Rishi Bommasani, Kevin Klyman, Sayash Kapoor, Shayne Longpre + 3 more
'Betty Xiong' 'Nestor Maslej' 'Percy Liang'] Foundation models are increasingly consequential yet extremely opaque. To characterize the status quo, the Foundation Model Transparency Index was launched in October 2023 to measure the transparency of leading foundation model developers. The October 2023 Index (v1.0)…
Djida Ghoubay, Cécile Vidal, Quentin Rappeneau, Jasmina Emini + 6 more
This study deciphers the exquisitely timed cellular and molecular symphony orchestrating corneal development in mice, revealing how neural crest cells (NCCs) transition from multipotent progenitors to architects of a light-transmitting, mechanically robust stroma. Between embryonic day 10 until birth, NCCs undergo…
Adam J. Jackson, Benjamin J. Parrett, Joe Willis, Alex M. Ganose + 15 more
Adam J. Jackson 4 , Benjamin J. Parrett5,3 , Joe Willis1,2,3 , Alex M. Ganose 6 , W. W. Winnie Leung 1 , Benjamin A. D. Williamson 7 , Yuhan Liu 1 , Timur K. Kim 3 , Moritz Hoesch3,8 , Larissa S. I. Veiga 3 , Raman Kalra 1 , Jens Neu 9 , Charles A. Schmuttenmaer 9 , Tien-Lin Lee 3 , Anna Regoutz3,1 , Tim D. Veal 10 …
Claire Dussard, Léa Pillette, Cassandra Dumas, Emeline Pierrieau + 4 more
Neurofeedback (NF) is a cognitive training procedure based on real-time feedback (FB) on the participant’s brain activity that they must learn to self-regulate. The visual FB traditionally delivered in a NF task manifests as a filling gauge reflecting a measure of brain activity. This abstract visual FB is not…
Samuel Tonkin, Le Nhan Pham, Jason Gascooke, Martin Johnston + 3 more
With increasing use of infrared imaging in medical diagnostics, military and civilian surveillance, and navigation of autonomous vehicles, there is a need for low-cost alternatives to traditional materials used in infrared optics such as germanium. Sulfur-rich copolymers hold promise, as they are made from low-cost…
Authors not listed
Gallium oxide (Ga2O3) is an ultrawide bandgap semiconductor with promising applications in power electronics and UV-photodetectors. Herein, we present thermal atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Ga2O3 thin films using tris(1,3-diisopropyltriazenide)gallium(III) precursor and water. The deposition process shows saturation…
Yoshiaki Nishijima, Shunya Kimura, Yu Takeshima, Saulius Jodkazis
Control of light absorption and transmission by metal-insulator-metal (MIM) metasurfaces are important for applications in optical windows. In this study we show realization of photo-thermal energy conversion for the radiative cooling. By controlling absorption and transparency of MIM metasurfaces with thin metal…
Joe Willis, Kieran B. Spooner, David O. Scanlon
The combination of optical transparency and bipolar dopability in a single material would revolutionise modern opto-electronics. Of the materials known to be both p- and n-type dopable (such as \ce{SnO} and \ce{CuInO2}), none can satisfy the requirements for both p- and n-type transparent conducting applications. In…
Ke Li, Joe Willis, Seán R. Kavanagh, David O. Scanlon
Transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) possess a unique combination of optical transparency and electrical conductivity, making them indispensable in optoelectronic applications. However, the heavy dependence on a small number of established materials limits the range of devices they can support. The discovery and…
Joey Andrew A. Valinton, Alfin Kurniawan, Ren-Huai Jhang, Christian R. Pangilinan + 2 more
Robust antimicrobial coatings featuring high transparency, strong bactericidal activity, and easy application procedure on generic surfaces can be widely accepted by the public to prevent pandemics. In this work, we demonstrated the hand sprayer-based approach to deposit complex oxide coatings composed of…
Authors not listed
Transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) play an indispensable role in modern optoelectronic technologies. However, industry primarily relies on a limited range of n-type oxides, severely constraining the design flexibility and optimization of optoelectronic device architectures. Expanding the range of known TCOs would…