23 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Guillaume Bourque, Kathleen H. Burns, Mary Gehring, Vera Gorbunova + 8 more
'Andrei Seluanov' 'Molly Hammell' 'Michaël Imbeault' 'Zsuzsanna Izsvák' 'Henry L. Levin' 'Todd S. Macfarlan' 'Dixie L. Mager' 'Cédric Feschotte'] Transposable elements (TEs) are major components of eukaryotic genomes. However, the extent of their impact on genome evolution, function, and disease remain a matter of…
Martín Muñoz-López, José L. García-Pérez
Repeated DNA makes up a large fraction of a typical mammalian genome, and some repetitive elements are able to move within the genome (transposons and retrotransposons). DNA transposons move from one genomic location to another by a cut-and-paste mechanism. They are powerful forces of genetic change and have played a…
Asmaa H. Hassan, Morad M. Mokhtar, Achraf El Allali
Transposable elements (TEs) are indispensable components of eukaryotic genomes that play diverse roles in gene regulation, recombination, and environmental adaptation. Their ability to mobilize within the genome leads to gene expression and DNA structure changes. TEs serve as valuable markers for genetic and…
Mei Han, Matthew H. Perkins, Leonardo Santana Novaes, Tao Xu + 1 more
'Hao Chang'] It has been 70 years since Barbara McClintock discovered transposable elements (TE), and the mechanistic studies and functional applications of transposable elements have been at the forefront of life science research. As an essential part of the genome, TEs have been discovered in most species of…
Denise Drongitis, Francesco Aniello, Laura Fucci, Aldo Donizetti
The biology of transposable elements (TEs) is a fascinating and complex field of investigation. TEs represent a substantial fraction of many eukaryotic genomes and can influence many aspects of DNA function that range from the evolution of genetic information to duplication, stability, and gene expression. Their…
Eline Lemerle, Eirini Trompouki
Transposable elements (TEs) are dispersed repetitive DNA sequences that can move within a genome. Even though hundreds of years of evolution have led to the accumulation of mutations that render most TEs unable to transpose, they still exert multiple important functions. They play a role in hematopoiesis, especially…
Kang Hu, Minghua Xu, Xin Gao, Jianxin Wang
Classifying Transposable Elements (TEs) at the superfamily level offers deeper insights into species variation and evolution. Recent advancements in third-generation sequencing technologies have made a large number of genomes from non-model species becoming available. However, existing TE classification methods suffer…
Wanxiangfu Tang, Ping Liang
Mobile elements generated via DNA transposition constitute ∼50% of the primate genomes. As a result of past and ongoing activity, DNA transposition is responsible for generating inter- and intra-species genomic variations, and it plays important roles in shaping genome evolution and impacting gene function. While…
Irving Jesús Reyes‐Barragán
Transposable elements (TEs) constitute nearly half of the human genome and are increasingly recognized as context-dependent regulators of genome function rather than passive repetitive DNA. This Review synthesizes classical and recent evidence on TE biology, including TE classification, mechanisms of mobilization, host…
Wanxiangfu Tang, Ping Liang
Mobile elements (MEs) can be divided into two major classes based on their transposition mechanisms as retrotransposons and DNA transposons. DNA transposons move in the genomes directly in the form of DNA in a cut-and-paste style, while retrotransposons utilize an RNA-intermediate to transpose in a “copy-and-paste”…
Jasper R.L. Depotter, Johana C. Misas Villamil, Gunther Doehlemann
Plants are subjected to different types of threats that require appropriate physiological responses to counteract them. Signalling peptides are produced under specific conditions and elicit physiological changes. PROZIP1 encodes such a signalling peptide, Zip1, that induces salicylic acid defence responses in maize…
Almorò Scarpa, Riccardo Pianezza, Filip Wierzbicki, Robert Kofler
Transposable element invasions have a profound impact on the evolution of genomes and phenotype. It is thus an important open question on how often such TE invasions occur. Based on strains sampled at different times, previous work showed that four different TE families invaded D. melanogaster during the 20^th^…
Amir Szitenberg, Georgios Koutsovoulos, Mark Blaxter, David H. Lunt
Transposable elements can be categorised into DNA and RNA elements based on their mechanism of transposition. Tyrosine recombinase elements (YREs) are relatively rare and poorly understood, despite sharing characteristics with both DNA and RNA elements. Previously, the Nematoda have been reported to have a…
Dan Graur
Because genomes are products of natural processes rather than "intelligent design," all genomes contain functional and nonfunctional parts. The fraction of the genome that has no biological function is called "rubbish DNA." Rubbish DNA consists of "junk DNA," i.e., the fraction of the genome on which selection does not…
Cindy Chang, Dong Cao, Daniel J. Pagano, Scott Kennedy
Transposons are parasitic nucleic acids present in most genomes. The ability of transposons to mobilize makes them a source of genetic diversity and a threat to genome integrity. Interestingly, mutations in the C. elegans gene mut-2/rde-3 increases the rate of transposition in the germline, but not in the soma…
Manisha Panta, Avdesh Mishra, Md Tamjidul Hoque, Joel Atallah
Transposable Elements (TEs) or jumping genes are the DNA sequences that have an intrinsic capability to move within a host genome from one genomic location to another. Studies show that the presence of a TE within or adjacent to a functional gene may alter its expression. TEs can also cause an increase in the rate of…
Lauren Tracy, ZZ Zhao Zhang
Retrotransposon mobilization in germline cells enables the rewriting of genetic information to drive genome innovation, species evolution, and adaptation through the generation of de novo mutations. However, uncontrolled mobilization can cause DNA breaks and genome instability, often leading to sterility. How germ…
Tracy Ballinger, Adam D. Ewing, David Haussler
The Cancer Genome Atlas project was initiated by the National Cancer Institute in order to characterize the genomes of hundreds of tumors of various cancer types. While much effort has been put into detecting somatic genomic variation in these data, somatic structural variation induced by the activity of transposable…
Authors not listed
Molecular mechanisms governing initiation steps of the assembly of thousands of endogenous multi-protein complexes (EMCs) remain incompletely understood. Here, multiple lines of observations are reported reflecting the biological functions-aligned initiation sequence of hybrid assembly pathways (HAPs) of EMCs. HAPs…
Rebekah L. Rogers, John P. Wares, Jeffrey T. Garner
Nearly-neutral theory predicts that evolution will operate differently in small populations. Adaptive change is less common, and detrimental variation may accumulate. We test these theories with a new reference genome for a critically endangered freshwater mussel. Results for SNPs and duplications are fully consistent…
Alessandro Fontana
Transposable elements are DNA sequences that can move around to different positions in the genome. During this process, they can cause mutations, and lead to an increase in genome size. Despite representing a large genomic fraction, transposable elements have no clear biological function. This work builds upon a…
Nicholas B. Stewart, Rebekah L. Rogers
The origins of new genes are among the most fundamental questions in evolutionary biology. Our understanding of the ways that new genetic material appears and how that genetic material shapes population variation remains incomplete. De novo genes and duplicate genes are a key source of new genetic material on which…
Authors not listed
In this report, we examine the extensive research landscape of CRISPR with an emphasis on CRISPR therapeutics and showcase our results from an in-depth analysis of the most up-to-date scientific information consisting of more than 53,000 publications encompassing academic journal articles and patents, spanning nearly…