26 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Grace W. Lindsay
Attention is the important ability to flexibly control limited computational resources. It has been studied in conjunction with many other topics in neuroscience and psychology including awareness, vigilance, saliency, executive control, and learning. It has also recently been applied in several domains in machine…
Jonathan Morgan, Badr Albanna, James P. Herman
We present a neural network model of visual attention (NNMVA) that integrates biased competition and reinforcement learning to capture key aspects of attentional behavior. The model combines selfattention mechanisms from Vision Transformers (ViTs), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks for working memory, and an…
Kevin K. Rooney, Robert J. Condia, Lester C. Loschky
Neuroscience has well established that human vision divides into the central and peripheral fields of view. Central vision extends from the point of gaze (where we are looking) out to about 5° of visual angle (the width of one’s fist at arm’s length), while peripheral vision is the vast remainder of the visual field.…
Miguel Carrasco, César González-Martín, José Aranda, Luis Oliveros + 1 more
Visual attention mechanisms play a crucial role in human perception and aesthetic evaluation. Recent advances in Vision Transformers (ViTs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in computer vision tasks, yet their alignment with human visual attention patterns remains underexplored, particularly in aesthetic…
Kai Standvoss, Silvan C. Quax, Marcel A.J. van Gerven
Allocating visual attention through saccadic eye movements is a key ability of intelligent agents. Attention is both influenced through bottom-up stimulus properties as well as top-down task demands. The interaction of these two attention mechanisms is not yet fully understood. A parsimonious reconciliation posits that…
Brianna K. Hunter, Erim Kızıldere, Shannon M. Klotz, Christian M. Nelson + 2 more
At the beginning of the twenty-first century, the primary view of infant visual attention development focused on a transition across the first postnatal year from being stimulus-driven to goal-driven, reflecting a broader shift from subcortical to cortical control. This perspective was supported by decades of infant…
Amélie Gruel, Jean Martinet
—Visual attention can be defined as the behavioral and cognitive process of selectively focusing on a discrete aspect of sensory cues while disregarding other perceivable information. This biological mechanism, more specifically saliency detection, has long been used in multimedia indexing to drive the analysis only on…
Per Bjerre, Andreas Køllund Pedersen, Hendrik Knoche
Previous research on exogenous and endogenous cues has shown how they direct attention and improve interaction speed and error rate in applications. However, most studies focus on people with normal sight. People suffering from visual neglect have difficulties attending to parts of the visual field. One treatment…
D. Tabarelli, C. Keitel, J. Gross, D. Baldauf
Successfully interpreting and navigating our natural visual environment requires us to constantly track its dynamics. Additionally, we focus our attention on behaviorally relevant stimuli to enhance their neural processing. Little is known, however, about how sustained attention affects the ongoing tracking of natural…
Yufei Cao, Penny Sweetser
Video games present players with complex, spatially distributed information across interface elements, with attention shaped by visual features and task goals. Eye tracking provides a useful method for examining player attention through gaze behaviour during gameplay. Yet empirical game research has relied on…
Hsing-Hao Lee, Marisa Carrasco
Visual adaptation and attention are two processes that help manage the brain’s limited bioenergetic resources for perception. Visual perception is heterogeneous around the visual field: it is better along the horizontal than the vertical meridian (horizontal-vertical anisotropy, HVA), and better along the lower than…
John G. Nadra, Jesse J. Bengson, Alexander B. Morales, George R. Mangun
Most models of attention distinguish between voluntary and involuntary attention, the latter being driven in a bottom-up fashion by salient sensory signals. Studies of voluntary visual-spatial attention have used informational or instructional cues, such as arrows, to induce or instruct observers to direct selective…
Erin Goddard, Thomas A. Carlson, Alexandra Woolgar
Selective attention is fundamental to cognitive activity and can be deployed in different ways. Non-human primate data suggests that spatial and feature-based visual attention have qualitatively different effects on neural tuning, but this has been challenging to assess in humans. Using multivariate decoding of MEG…
John K. Tsotsos, Omar Abid, Iuliia Kotseruba, Markus D. Solbach
The study of attentional processing in vision has a long and deep history. Recently, several papers have presented insightful perspectives into how the coordination of multiple attentional functions in the brain might occur. These begin with experimental observations and the authors propose structures, processes, and…
Elio Balestrieri, Luca Ronconi, David Melcher
Attention and Visual Working Memory (VWM) are among the most theoretically detailed and empirically tested constructs in human cognition. Nevertheless, the nature of the interrelation between selective attention and VWM still presents a fundamental controversy: do they rely on the same cognitive resources or not? The…
Li Zhaoping
Progress in vision research has been slower downstream than upstream of primary visual cortex (V1). Traditional frameworks have largely overlooked a central constraint: only a tiny fraction of retinal input is recognized. Thus, to a first approximation, vision is better formulated as looking and seeing through a…
Thomas Sanocki, Jong Han Lee, Manoranjan Paul
This article provides an introduction to experimental research on top-down human attention in complex scenes, written for cognitive scientists in general. We emphasize the major effects of goals and intention on mental function, measured with behavioral experiments. We describe top-down attention as an open category of…
Ruyuan Zhang, Kendrick Kay
Visual neuroscientists have long characterized attention as inducing a scaling or additive effect on fixed parametric functions describing neural responses (e.g., contrast response functions). Here, we instead propose that top-down effects are more complex and manifest in ways that depend not only on attention but also…
Edyta Sasin, Daryl Fougnie
We encounter millions of objects every day. While our ability to retain some of these objects in visual long-term memory (VLTM; a large-capacity, passive storage system for visual episodic memories) is surprisingly high and detailed (Brady, Konkle, Alvarez, & Oliva, ; Konkle, Brady, Alvarez, & Oliva, ; Shepard, …
Antonios Kaldas
The term attention has been used to mean so many different things that some have despaired of it being useful at all. This paper is devoted to bringing a modicum of order to the chaos through the time-honored device of categorization. The chief purpose of this paper is to introduce a comprehensive descriptive taxonomy…
Michae Xuelin Huang, Jiajia Li, Grace Ngai, Hong Va Leong + 1 more
'Andreas Bulling'] Internal thought refers to the process of directing attention away from a primary visual task to internal cognitive processing. Internal thought is a pervasive mental activity and closely related to primary task performance. As such, automatic detection of internal thought has significant potential…
Authors not listed
Predicting protein-ligand binding affinity from three-dimensional (3D) structural data is a central task in structure-based drug discovery, yet it remains challenging due to limited data availability, structural complexity, and the sparse nature of 3D molecular representations. In this study, we investigate the…
Authors not listed
Determining complete atomic structures directly from microscopy images remains a longstanding challenge in materials science. MicroscopyGPT is a vision-language model (VLM) that leverages multimodal generative pre-trained transformers to predict full atomic configurations including lattice parameters, element types…
Sergio Pablo-García, Raúl Pérez-Soto, Albert Sabadell-Rendón, Diego Garay-Ruiz + 2 more
In the study of chemical reactions, visualizing reaction networks is pivotal for identifying crucial compounds and reactions. Traditional methods, such as network schematics and reaction path linear plots, often struggle to effectively represent complex reaction networks due to their size and intricate connectivity.…
Lucie Denisart, Diana Zapata-Dominguez, Xavier David, Aubin Leclere + 5 more
The manufacturing process of batteries can be complex and time-consuming. We introduce a new version of the digital twin of our lithium ion battery pilot line, Simubat 4.0 Gen-2, based on a new combination of Virtual Reality and Mixed Reality. This digital twin is designed to deliver training on the lithium-ion battery…
Murat Cihan Sorkun, Dajt Mullaj, J. M. Vianney A. Koelman, Süleyman Er
Visualizing chemical spaces streamlines the analysis of molecular datasets by reducing the information to human perception level, hence it forms an integral piece of molecular engineering, including chemical library design, high-throughput screening, diversity analysis, and outlier detection. We present here ChemPlot…